One strategy to consider for selling shot glasses, tumblers, and other types of drinkware is private label products. This method lets you collaborate with manufacturers to add your branding to proven, popular items. 8. Perfume and cologne. The fragrance industry is undergoing a shift.Here are the steps involved with setting up your account with a manufacturer or distributor and placing your first wholesale order: Find a product you want to sell. Locate the contact information for the company who sells the product. Reach out to the individual who makes decisions about their wholesale distribution.Jan 24, 2024 · Sell your products. Sell online or in person. Check out customers. World-class checkout. Sell online. Grow your business online. Sell across channels. Reach millions of shoppers and boost sales. Sell in person. Point of Sale (POS) Sell globally. International sales. Sell wholesale & direct. Business-to-business (B2B) Accept online payments. Set ... 5 days ago · Abound: Best for indie retailers. DHgate: Best for small order quantities. Worldwide Brands: Best for established sellers with directory needs. DollarDays: Best for nonprofits and schools. 2024 Update. Our previous top-recommendation, Tundra, ceased operations as of July 2023. Handshake by Shopify was also discontinued. Here's a step-by-step guide to help you navigate this essential aspect of wholesale procurement: 1. Identify what you actually need. Start by clearly defining the products you need for your business. Determine the quantity required, quality standards, and any specific product variations or features. 2. Online sales of honey is projected to register the highest CAGR of 6.6%. Natural honey is even hotter – its projected CAGR is 7.4% in the forecast period (2022-2027). Market Research Future predicts the honey market will reach USD 14.60 billion by 2028. That same study also predicts a CAGR of 6.85% from 2021 to 2028.The best online marketplaces for cheap wholesale products Faire Retailers selling holiday gifts on Faire. Faire is an online marketplace for small business owners. It’s used by more than 100,000 brands in the US, Canada, and Europe who rely on the platform to find cheap wholesale products they can sell through their own retail stores.Mar 17, 2023 · Step 5: Photograph Your Products. The next thing you want to do is photograph your products for your website. For this, you will want to get a nice camera, create a clean backdrop where your products will stand out, and take photos of all the important product angles. The biggest things you want from your photos are that they give retailers all ... Mar 7, 2024 · Ultimate Guide: Where to Buy Wholesale Products to Sell on Amazon. Global Sources Updated on 2024/03/06. Table of Contents. Part 1. Understanding Amazon’s Selling Environment. Part 2. Where to Buy Wholesale Products for Amazon Selling. Part 3. Benefits of Buying Wholesale for Amazon. Part 4. How to Find the Right Wholesale Products. Part 5. Sell your products. Sell online or in person. Check out customers. World-class checkout. Sell online. Grow your business online. Sell across channels. Reach millions of shoppers and boost sales. Sell in person. Point of Sale (POS) Sell globally. International sales. Sell wholesale & direct. Business-to-business (B2B) Accept online …Amazon Wholesale: A Comprehensive Guide to Selling Products in 2023. Shivali Patel , Brand Evangelist. 18 minute read. Published: September 8, 2023. …So if you're looking into skincare products as one of the high demand products to sell in 2024, consider choosing products that are with minimal ingredients, natural, vegan, or for sensitive skin types. 23. Snacks. One of the best high demand products to sell in 2024 includes snack food.Your source for wholesalers and wholesale products. Wholesale Power Search™ : 383,274 items from over 1,400 independent suppliers. Wholesale Suppliers by Category2. Reverse Sourcing for Wholesale Products. Discover the reverse sourcing method and find the best products and brands to resell on Amazon. Unlike traditional wholesale sourcing, where you contact suppliers first, reverse sourcing involves identifying top-selling products on Amazon before finding their respective suppliers.Wholesalers buy products at an acquisition price and sell them to retail sellers for the received price. These two numbers are used to determine the average profit margin for wholesale ...Simply install the extension on your browser and open Amazon’s website to the product you wish to research. The extension will provide you with tons of data, including Buy Box insights, competition analysis, sales estimation, restrictions, and profitability metrics. 2. Distinguish private label and Amazon-sold products.Selling your products in bulk to another store, usually at a lower price, who then sells them to their clients is known as wholesaling. It's vital to remember ...Bulk Order Form for WooCommerce: Create your own fully-customized product tables, embeddable via shortcode anywhere on your site. Customers can filter tables by a range of criteria to create a list of exactly the products they wish to order, then enter amounts for all products at once. Savings for wholesale buyers are shown for each …Whether you’re buying products for a brick-and-mortar store, online shop, or pop-up shop, you can shop Top Sellers products at wholesale prices on Faire—. sign up for free. When you join as a retailer, you’ll unlock wholesale prices with thousands of independent brands. You’ll also get exclusive shopping benefits, including free returns ... DollarDays offers the widest assortment of bulk quality products for charitable outreach efforts, storefronts, fundraisers and more! Save up to 70% off on wholesale school supplies, backpacks, blankets, socks, hygiene kits, personal care items, baby products, shoes and toys. Image Source. With a monthly Google search volume of 57,000 and an Amazon volume of 6,200, it’s easy to see why this is Google Trends shows this is a trend worth jumping on. 22. Kitchen Towels. Image Source. Kitchen towels are one of the most popular home and decor products on the market right now.Asia Pacific is the largest region for buying wholesale goods, accounting for the lion’s share of 51% of the market in 2020.³. Buying cheap is essential as purchases account for 78.4% of business costs in the wholesale industry. As such, you need to manage your funds well and spend on the products that’ll lead to the best ROI.⁴.Wholesale Travel Products to Sell Online. Wholesale travel products can offer many product niches, as well as add-on items for other niches. Travel products includes more than just great luggage, there are also travel accessories, products for car travel, plane travel and boat travel and more. You can find wholesale travel products in the ...Market and sell your wholesale products; Expand your team; 1. Decide what wholesale items to sell. Trying to decide on a product niche can be overwhelming, but by creating some selection criteria, you can build a profitable wholesale catalog. Consider these product features when choosing wholesale items to sell: Seasonality.17-Oct-2014 ... It looks like buying products from wholesale sources in the US makes it very hard to make a profit when selling on Amazon (and even worse ...How to Pick the Best Wholesale Good for Amazon Sales. Before deciding, there are several factors to take into account regarding which wholesale products to sell on Amazon. For example, you should look for the best …Utility companies are the best source for obtaining free telephone poles or, at least, picking up a large number of poles at a low price. Used Poles says that utility companies rou...Market and sell your wholesale products; Expand your team; 1. Decide what wholesale items to sell. Trying to decide on a product niche can be overwhelming, but by creating some selection criteria, you can build a profitable wholesale catalog. Consider these product features when choosing wholesale items to sell: Seasonality. Wholesale Central provides premium sourcing tools that help wholesale buyers find wholesale suppliers and products. This site is strictly B2B. Wholesale only. No consumers. Recommended by FORBES as a top-pick for wholesale buying and selling. Step 3: Choose a product with good profit potential. The last step to take when looking to choose wholesale products to sell on Amazon is to choose a product with good profit potential. If you may find a high-demand and low-competition product, but if the product is not profitable, your efforts would amount to a waste.Product #20: Pet Products. Selling a new brand of pet products can be tricky sometimes. But you can choose to bulk buy the most brought pet products from a supplier and sell it to your online store. Types of pet products you can sell online: Dog food; Cat food; Bird food; Fish food; Treats Toys; Bedding and more; Product #21: …28-Mar-2020 ... 10 Best Ideas of Wholesale Products to Sell from Home · Quality. The first thing you should consider for a wholesale platform is the quality of ...Wholesale vendors are business-to-business (B2B) companies that supply the products that retailers sell to consumers. Typically, wholesale vendors sell their …1. Take charge of your pricing. Before anything else, your pricing must be able to take the hit. Stores expect your products to be priced at least 50% lower than your regular retail prices. Store owners need to make a profit too and expenses pile up quickly when running a brick and mortar. If you want a store to keep ordering from you, give ...Shop over 9 million products from independent brands in various categories, such as candles, cocktail mixes, throw blankets, earrings, and more. Sell on Faire and get …Amazon Wholesale: A Comprehensive Guide to Selling Products in 2023. Shivali Patel , Brand Evangelist. 18 minute read. Published: September 8, 2023. …31-Mar-2023 ... For wholesale sellers, this may require you to get a business license and a sales tax permit or a “resale certificate.” These two items allow ...In a nutshell, selling wholesale on Amazon comprises the basic steps of: Setting up an Amazon seller account. Finding a high-demand product to resell. …1. Take charge of your pricing. Before anything else, your pricing must be able to take the hit. Stores expect your products to be priced at least 50% lower than your regular retail prices. Store owners need to make a profit too and expenses pile up quickly when running a brick and mortar. If you want a store to keep ordering from you, give ...The wholesale industry is large, and you are not alone in your quest to discover how to buy and sell online. As a newcomer in this field, here are the steps that you need to follow in order to succeed: 1. Read Up on Industry Trends. Start with market research to see and understand what products are good to sell.Wholesale businesses can operate in a couple of ways. A business can purchase large quantities of goods from the manufacturer to resell them directly to consumers (D2C wholesale, generally out of a warehouse), or other businesses can produce their own products and sell to a variety of retailers (B2B wholesale) that, in …Wholesale vendors are business-to-business (B2B) companies that supply the products that retailers sell to consumers. Typically, wholesale vendors sell their … Shop over 9 million products from independent brands in various categories, such as candles, cocktail mixes, throw blankets, earrings, and more. Sell on Faire and get exposure to verified retailers, guaranteed payment, and flexible terms. Factory-Direct Wholesale. Updated Daily. Whether you're looking to break into selling mainstream products or looking for more focused niche items chances are ...So if you're looking into skincare products as one of the high demand products to sell in 2024, consider choosing products that are with minimal ingredients, natural, vegan, or for sensitive skin types. 23. Snacks. One of the best high demand products to sell in 2024 includes snack food.Wholesale ecommerce refers to selling products to another business, in bulk and at a discount, online. This wholesale ecommerce industry is huge, totaling $9.2 trillion in 2023 alone.. The benefits are clear: higher order volume, less time spent on manual entry and admin tasks.Essential oils are another great natural product to sell online. Outstanding brands like Aura Cacia and NOW essential oils offer an amazing range of oil scents. As aromatherapy continues to increase in popularity in the U.S., essential oils are excellent natural products to offer on your online store.Amazon Wholesale: A Comprehensive Guide to Selling Products in 2023. Shivali Patel , Brand Evangelist. 18 minute read. Published: September 8, 2023. …Sell your products. Sell online or in person. Check out customers. World-class checkout. Sell online. Grow your business online. Sell across channels. Reach millions of shoppers and boost sales. Sell in person. Point of Sale (POS) Sell globally. International sales. Sell wholesale & direct. Business-to-business (B2B) Accept online payments. Set ...How to Sell Your Products To Wholesalers: Meet and Greet. What Makes a Product Attractive for Wholesale? Selling Your Product Wholesale: Pricing …2. Find the median retail price. It can still be challenging to turn a healthy profit if the price point is too low, even if you find wholesale products with a big margin. If you purchase pencils for 10¢ and sell them for 50¢, for example, you’ll make 40¢ a unit—that’s a whopping 80% margin.Factory-Direct Wholesale. Updated Daily. Whether you're looking to break into selling mainstream products or looking for more focused niche items chances are ...Understanding Wholesale Buying and Etsy. Wholesale buying is a concept where products are purchased in large quantities directly from manufacturers or distributors at a discounted price. This allows businesses to acquire inventory at a lower cost per unit, enabling them to sell the products at a profitable margin.In order to drive traffic to the product you sell on Amazon, you want to choose low-competition keywords that trigger product ads on Google. You can find easy keywords that trigger Google product ads by following the steps below: Enter Your 5-10 Product Niche Ideas Into Ahrefs Keyword Explorer. Click All Keyword Ideas.Wholesalers buy products at an acquisition price and sell them to retail sellers for the received price. These two numbers are used to determine the average profit margin for wholesale ...Amazon Wholesale: A Comprehensive Guide to Selling Products in 2023. Shivali Patel , Brand Evangelist. 18 minute read. Published: September 8, 2023. …. 3. Creoate. Reach 50,000 active buyers across the US, UK, and Europe by listing items to sell on the online wholesale marketplace Creoate. The platform specializes in home, lifestyle, and outdoor products, and covers the price of shipping and duties in exchange for a 15% commission on each order.WholesalePet.com offers wholesale pet supplies for pet boutiques, pet stores, and pet service businesses. We specialize as a bulk pet supply distributor, giving you plenty of options for high-quality innovation and differentiation for your business. Our categories include Tough Toys, Plush Toys, Packaged Treats, Bully Sticks and Chews, Pet ...Sell your products. Sell online or in person. Check out customers. World-class checkout. Sell online. Grow your business online. Sell across channels. Reach millions of shoppers and boost sales. Sell in person. Point of Sale (POS) Sell globally. International sales. Sell wholesale & direct. Business-to-business (B2B) Accept online payments. Set ...Wholesalers play a crucial role in the supply chain, distributing goods from suppliers and making them accessible to retailers. If you’re a seller, you can add wholesale to the broader mix of sales channels you use in your business. Some businesses operate exclusively as wholesalers, selling their products to retailers, and others sell ...The following is a list of some of the most lucrative wholesale goods to pick from. Sustainable Products (food containers, culinary supplies, feminine products, etc.) Specialty Food Items (unique coffees, rare teas, etc.) Unique Clothing (outdoor gear, fandom-related wear, unusual socks, etc.) Pet Supplies (toys, food, clothing, specialty …05-Nov-2020 ... A wholesale selling model is one where producers sell their products in bulk to a retailer, usually at a discounted price, who then on-sells the ...2. Find the median retail price. It can still be challenging to turn a healthy profit if the price point is too low, even if you find wholesale products with a big margin. If you purchase pencils for 10¢ and sell them for 50¢, for example, you’ll make 40¢ a unit—that’s a whopping 80% margin.Amazon Business has revolutionised online bulk buying for both buyers and sellers. Step into the future of online bulk buying today. Create a free account. Save money and time on select business price products and supplies when you choose Amazon Business. Find products for your business, big or small!Research shows the global electronics market is expected to hit $4986.91 Billion by 2030. Much of the 11.2% CAGR results from companies making adjustments to operations because of the COVID-19 impact. By 2025, the market’s projected to be worth $1291.14 billion in 2025, for a CAGR of 5%.7 tips and best practices for wholesale selling online. If you want to succeed at online sales, you need a plan. Here are 7 tips for wholesale selling online that can help you build a viable strategy to go online successfully: 1. Analyze data to make good decisions. Analyzing data isn't just about crunching numbers and staring at charts.SaleHoo is a reputable wholesale supplier directory of dropshippers that cater to international clients. As a result, many of the leading wholesale suppliers found on SaleHoo are not from the United States. Based in New Zealand, SaleHoo boasts over 8000 trusted dropshipping suppliers that sell over 2.5 million different products and brands across a …5 Best Cheap Wholesale Products to Buy. Here are the five best wholesale products to sell when launching your personalized reselling business: 1. Jewelry. The jewelry market allows resellers to connect with high-ticket customers who splurge cash on diamonds, rubies, and other precious stones.Wholesale Travel Products to Sell Online. Wholesale travel products can offer many product niches, as well as add-on items for other niches. Travel products includes more than just great luggage, there are also travel accessories, products for car travel, plane travel and boat travel and more. You can find wholesale travel products in the ...Are you in the market for new tires? Look no further than Costco Wholesale Tire Services. Costco is not only known for their wide range of products and excellent customer service, ...23-May-2022 ... What are the best wholesale products to sell? · Apparel · Health & beauty · Jewelry · Pet supplies · Electronics · Kid...Selling your products in bulk to another store, usually at a lower price, who then sells them to their clients is known as wholesaling. It's vital to remember ...Meeting suppliers and distributors in person at a trade show is an incredible way to find unique wholesale products to sell online. By attending trade shows, you have the upper hand on 1,000s of other sellers who are also trying to source and sell the same products. Meeting and speaking with a representative of a wholesale supplier will be …Are you a business owner in the beverage industry looking to expand your product offerings? One crucial aspect of running a successful beverage business is finding reliable wholesa...Here are some general tips when finding products for your wholesale business: Avoid Amazon like a plague Avoid selling private label products Avoid products with the brand as one of the sellers Sell products that …12) EO Hand Sanitizer Spray – Organic Lavender. View Product. If you’re an online retailer looking for different types of wholesale hand sanitizer, GreenDropShip also offers hand sanitizer spray. Hand sanitizer gel is thicker than the spray, but neither will leave any residue once you run it into your hands or skin.Take your Amazon wholesale business to the next level. Try SmartScout for free for the next 7 days and see how quickly it get your Amazon business soaring. START A 7-DAY FREE TRIAL. Discover profitable wholesale-friendly brands and suppliers to sell on Amazon. List of distributors and brands and the entire catalog of potential products on …Wholesale Travel Products to Sell Online. Wholesale travel products can offer many product niches, as well as add-on items for other niches. Travel products includes more than just great luggage, there are also travel accessories, products for car travel, plane travel and boat travel and more. You can find wholesale travel products in the ...Take your Amazon wholesale business to the next level. Try SmartScout for free for the next 7 days and see how quickly it get your Amazon business soaring. START A 7-DAY FREE TRIAL. Discover profitable wholesale-friendly brands and suppliers to sell on Amazon. List of distributors and brands and the entire catalog of potential products on …Featured. Pallet Fly is an innovative platform that is geared towards streamlining and optimizing the supply chain experience in product distribution. We offer pallets of every type of product including kitchenwares, cell phone accessories, toys, home decor, electronics, and more. Visit Website. 347-450-1740.Sep 8, 2023 · 4. Shipping to Amazon: If you plan to use Amazon’s FBA service, there will be costs associated with shipping your products to Amazon’s fulfillment centers. 5. Packaging and Labeling: Depending on the products you’re selling, you might need to invest in proper packaging and labeling to meet Amazon’s requirements. 6. Essential oils are another great natural product to sell online. Outstanding brands like Aura Cacia and NOW essential oils offer an amazing range of oil scents. As aromatherapy continues to increase in popularity in the U.S., essential oils are excellent natural products to offer on your online store.Available with Milk Chocolate (45%) or Dark Chocolate (55%) Organic, Fair for Life, Natural, Soy-Free & Palm Oil-Free. Average rating of 4.5 stars on Amazon. GreenDropShip Wholesale Price: $1.66 per pack of 2. …Learn how to find wholesale suppliers, distributors, and manufacturers that will help you complete your puzzle. Find out the difference between wholesale, distribution, and manufacturing, and how …Amazon Business Offers Exclusive Deals to Buyers. We are one of the biggest B2B platforms in India, offering exclusive offers and deals to business consumers regardless of their size and specialty. Our online wholesale marketplace is for all, be it startups, entrepreneurs, SMBs, wholesalers, or retailers. The custom quotas, bulk discounts, and ...Additionally, if the price point is too high, you’ll likely find it harder to land sales. For example, it’s probably more challenging to sell a jacket for $500 than for $50. A good rule of thumb is to sell products for between $15 and $200. Check the suggested retail price before buying wholesale products. 3.Wholesale refers to one of two approaches to business: A business may purchase goods directly from manufacturers, store them in a warehouse, and then resell them. These are known as warehouse businesses. Wholesale can also refer to small businesses that make their own products and sell them to suppliers.Here are some general tips when finding products for your wholesale business: Avoid Amazon like a plague Avoid selling private label products Avoid products with the brand as one of the sellers Sell products that …Product sourcing is the process of finding and acquiring products for resale in a business. It can involve methods like direct purchasing from manufacturers, working with wholesalers, or commissioning custom products. Some product sourcing options work using a dropshipping fulfillment model.Dec 14, 2023 · Wholesale Vs. Dropshipping. Wholesale purchasing involves buying goods from the manufacturer or a wholesaler at a low price, storing those goods, then reselling them in smaller quantities at a markup to customers. Dropshipping is when you sell goods from your store, directing those orders to the manufacturer or a dropshipper for fulfillment. Step 1: Install the Amazon Dropshipping, Arbitrage, and Wholesale extension for Google Chrome. Step 2: Start a free trial of the software. Step 3: Browse Amazon.com as you usually would, searching for a niche that can fit these areas: Products from existing or new wholesale relationships.Retail wholesalers: retail wholesalers sell products in bulk to retailers at a slight markup from manufacturers. Buying through a retail wholesaler means you can purchase wholesale items from more than one manufacturer. Merchant wholesalers: as opposed to retail wholesalers, merchant wholesalers sell to both retailers and the end …How to Sell Your Products To Wholesalers: Meet and Greet. What Makes a Product Attractive for Wholesale? Selling Your Product Wholesale: Pricing …Online sales of organic coffee will grow at a rate of 10.6% from 2019 to 2026. As you can see, there are many compelling reasons to choose organic and/or Fair-Trade Certified wholesale coffee for your store. Generally speaking, choosing natural or organic products to sell is a pretty solid business decision.On Faire, there's a variety of products in Pets available for purchase at wholesale prices for your store. Some of the top-selling Pets products on Faire include: Dogs, New Brands, New Products, Other Pets, Cats, and more. Start shopping today. .Our Profit Margin markup 33%. Cost of Item: 30.54 + 6.50 + 2.00 + 2.30 + 1.25 = 42.59. Using the Shopify Gross Profit Calculator, we can now determine the retail price. Retail Price = 56.54 with free shipping in the US. The price is within the average range on the marketplace meaning we can go ahead and sell.Oct 26, 2023 · 10. Tasha Apparel. US-based boutique clothing supplier Tasha Apparel sells clothing in bulk, mostly in packs of six items, without MOQs. It offers a huge range of sizes and a ton of different styles, so retailers of all kinds can shop trendy wholesale clothing at up to 60% to 80% below the standard wholesale price. Whether you run a small business and intend to branch out (no pun intended) into selling plants or are planning a serious garden overhaul, buying plants wholesale can save you a pr...Office supplies. Paper, pens, pencils, staplers, binders. Gifts and collectibles. Figurines, jewelry, home décor, souvenirs. 1. Food and Beverages. Food and beverages are timeless essentials, making them a classic choice for wholesale products to …Jan 10, 2024 · 2. SaleHoo. Featuring over 8000 verified suppliers and millions of products, SaleHoo is one of the largest premium wholesale directories on the market. In fact, SaleHoo has helped more than 130,000 business owners find their perfect wholesale partner since its launch in 2005. Additionally, if the price point is too high, you’ll likely find it harder to land sales. For example, it’s probably more challenging to sell a jacket for $500 than for $50. A good rule of thumb is to sell products for between $15 and $200. Check the suggested retail price before buying wholesale products. 3.By selling your products wholesale, you can let another business shoulder the cost of acquiring customers, and reinvest your time and money in other areas of your business. 2. Leverage other brands’ audiences to sell your product. Just as acquiring new customers costs money, building a loyal audience of fans and customers is not an easy feat.When it comes to finding a reliable wholesale supplier for your business, there are countless options available. However, one company that stands out from the rest is S&S Activewea...If you are looking to buy wholesale clothing and products in Canada, we supply everything that you need at the best bargain price. Our Headquarters is in Toronto (pick-up available) and can ship all products anywhere in Canada and select items to the USA. Give us a call or place an inquiry online, and we will get back to you within 24 hours.Sell your products. Sell online or in person. Check out customers. World-class checkout. Sell online. Grow your business online. Sell across channels. Reach millions of shoppers and boost sales. Sell in person. Point of Sale (POS) Sell globally. International sales. Sell wholesale & direct. Business-to-business (B2B) Accept online payments. Set ...30 Low Cost Products With High Profit Margins. Below are some of the best products to sell online to make money in 2024. 1. Jewelry. As far as unisex products go, jewelry is at the top. From watches to necklaces, bracelets, pins, earrings, and more, you’re guaranteed to find something for everyone.Finding effective and profitable wholesale products to sell on Amazon is achieved by thorough product research. The best wholesale sellers accomplish this by …Learn how to sell wholesale products to other retailers and earn higher revenue, lower overheads, and expand your market. Find out how to create a wholesale storefront with Shopify or use a wholesale …Utility companies are the best source for obtaining free telephone poles or, at least, picking up a large number of poles at a low price. Used Poles says that utility companies rou...Featured. Pallet Fly is an innovative platform that is geared towards streamlining and optimizing the supply chain experience in product distribution. We offer pallets of every type of product including kitchenwares, cell phone accessories, toys, home decor, electronics, and more. Visit Website. 347-450-1740.Adult products are more than just sex toys. Anything that is intended for adults fits in this category, as well as products governed by age limit restrictions. Selling adult products online profitably is just a matter of doing your homework - finding the right niche, the right supplier, and the right price.Sell your products. Sell online or in person. Sell online. Grow your business online. Sell across channels. Reach millions of shoppers and boost sales. Sell in person. Point of Sale (POS) Sell globally. International sales. Sell wholesale & direct. Business-to-business (B2B) ---1