DİYARBAKIR KAYAPINAR BLD.SPOR - Türkiye Futbol Federasyonu Resmi İnternet Sitesi - Milli Takımlar, Süper Lig, Puan cetveli, Fikstür,TFF 1. Lig, TFF 2. Lig, TFF ...Jules' Undersea Lodge is the first and only underwater hotel in Florida, but it's also the first underwater research lab to have ever been made accessible to... Jules Undersea Lodge is the only underwater hotel in Florida. It’s also the first underwater research lab to have ever been made accessible to the average person. Jules is located at the bottom of a protected lagoon in Key Largo. The Emerald lagoon is a natural nursery for many reef fish. A diving explorer and medical researcher submerged March 1, 2023 to begin a 100-day mission at Jules’ Undersea Lodge to conduct groundbreaking medical and ma...Going inside the undersea lodge was really COOL! We spent about an hour inside, resting while we waited for our pizza lunch to be delivered. Theresa and Ricky took great care of us from getting ready, knowing what to expect, diving, delivering our lunch, and finishing up with on site warm showers, towels, etc.Jules’ Undersea Lodge is an American hotel located in Key Largo, Florida and is the only underwater hotel in the United States. It is 30 feet (9 m) deep on the ocean floor and guests have to scuba dive to get to their rooms. The hotel is located at the bottom of the Emerald Lagoon […]Mar 17, 2022 · Jules Undersea Lodge: Experience of a lifetime! - See 40 traveler reviews, 48 candid photos, and great deals for Jules Undersea Lodge at Tripadvisor.Published Dec 9, 2021. The Jules' Undersea Lodge in Key Largo is a one-of-a-kind underwater operation that invites guests to spend some time ~below~ sea level. Jules’ …Underwater Advendure. Review of Jules Undersea Lodge. Reviewed January 3, 2023. What a unique adventure. We had a great time. Everyone there was super friendly and took great care of us. We dove down to the lodge around lunch time and they had lunch waiting for us when we arrived. There were diving classes happening that same day so …Dituri before entering the Jules’ Undersea Lodge marine habitat 30 feet below the surface on March 1, 2023. AP. He will also undergo psychosocial and psychological tests to understand the mental ...During 11 missions – some involving ocean dives as deep as 100 feet – 50 aquanauts lived in the habitat at various times. During their time at Jules’ Undersea Lodge, these aquanauts conducted marine biology, ecology and hyperbaric physiology research. A historic photo of La Chalupa on the ocean surface before ballast was added to sink the ...Незалежно від того, чи мріяли ви про те, як було б бути русалкою і спати під водою, або просто як справді унікальні враження один раз у житті, Jules Undersea Lodge - це обов’язково.Apparently we were off by like, a league. Somethin' about undersea currents, somethin' about the tides of time, yadda yadda. I think Zelling is getting rusty. Point is, you're not far off now. We're SURE that Marshal Valentine is right to the east of ya, in a shipwreck up on a ledge. Zelling says there's something else big up there too, …Jules' Undersea Lodge is the only hotel where you must... Jules' Undersea Lodge, Key Largo, Florida. 4,722 likes · 20 talking about this · 349 were here. Jules' Undersea Lodge is the only hotel where you must scuba dive to your room. Specialties: Jules' Undersea Lodge is the worlds only underwater habitat that you must scuba dive to get there. We are also a full service dive facility. Established in 1986. Jules' Undersea Lodge was established in 1986. The advancement of technology has broadened the awareness of our unique facility. Besides being an excellent place for learning to snorkel or dive, the Lagoon is home to Jules’ Undersea Lodge, the world’s only underwater hotel where your scuba dive to …El domingo pasado aseguró que permanecerá en el Jules Undersea Lodge, una pequeña cápsula situada en el fondo de una laguna de Florida, al menos 100 días. "La curiosidad por descubrir me ha ...Jules Undersea Lodge, Key Largo: See 41 traveller reviews, 49 candid photos, and great deals for Jules Undersea Lodge, ranked #9 of 21 Speciality lodging in Key Largo and rated 4 of 5 at Tripadvisor. Jules Undersea Lodge, Key Largo: See 41 traveler reviews, 49 candid photos, and great deals for Jules Undersea Lodge, ranked #9 of 21 specialty lodging in Key Largo and rated 4 of 5 at Tripadvisor. Jules’ Undersea Lodge, Key Largo, Florida. Arriving at your room in Jules' Undersea Lodge in Key Largo will take some work: The only way to get there is to scuba dive.Students will get to see a world-record attempt that aims to have a medical researcher remain in an underwater lodge for 100 days. Participants in an interactive Zoom session will see cutting-edge ...Jules Undersea Lodge, Key Largo: See 41 traveler reviews, 49 candid photos, and great deals for Jules Undersea Lodge, ranked #9 of 21 …Dec 13, 2022 · Jules Undersea Lodge is one of the best underwater hotels in the world. It is located off the coast of Key Largo in Florida, near the famous John Pennekamp Coral Reef State Park. The lodge was originally used as a laboratory by Dr. Max Jules, who was trying to study coral reefs and fish populations under water. Joseph Dituri, a 55-year-old biomedical engineer with the International Board of Undersea Medicine and a former U.S. Navy saturation diver, lived inside the Jules' Undersea Lodge off the coast of ...Jules Undersea Lodge, Key Largo, Florida: See 41 traveller reviews, 49 candid photos, and great deals for Jules Undersea Lodge, ranked #10 of 22 Speciality lodging in Key Largo, Florida and rated 4 of 5 at Tripadvisor.At 21ft below the surface, Jules Undersea Lodge in Florida brings a whole new meaning to the phrase sleeping with the fishes. It's the world's only underwater hotel, where guests can stay ...Anasayfa. Sürat Kargo Diyarbakır Kayapınar Şubeleri. + - Sürat Kargo Diyarbakır Kayapınar Şubeleri. Karacadağ. Barış Mh. 500evler Cd. 4.sk 2/10.Blk Kayapınar / DİYARBAKIR / …May 15, 2023 · Jules' Undersea Lodge is located at the bottom of a 30-foot lagoon in Key Largo, Florida. During his stay, Dituri has been studying how the human body reacts to living under extreme pressure for ...Cilt Bakım. Saç Bakım. Parfüm & Deodorant. Erkek Bakım. Kişisel Bakım. Anne & Bebek. Ev & Yaşam. Moda & Aksesuar. Süpermarket. Elektrikli Ürünler. Ana Sayfa. …Key Largo Undersea Park is located on Key Largo in the Fabulous Florida Keys! Phone 305.451.2353 Fax 305.451.4789 Email [email protected]. 51 Shoreland Drive Key Largo, FL 33037. Opening Hours: Tue – Sun, 8 am to 3 pm, closed Mondays. Closed for Holidays 2023: Thanksgiving, Nov. 24May 3, 2019 · The Jules' Undersea Lodge in Key Largo is the perfect place to decompress. "I sat in the porthole looking for fish while I nibbled on a slice, and came to the conclusion that this was perhaps my most exceptional and memorable underwater experience to date." I’ve often heard fellow divers say jovially that they love scuba diving so much ... Jules' Undersea Lodge is located at the bottom of a 30-foot lagoon in Key Largo, Florida. During his stay, Dituri has been studying how the human body reacts to living under extreme pressure for ...Jules Undersea Lodge, Key Largo, Florida: See 41 traveller reviews, 49 candid photos, and great deals for Jules Undersea Lodge, ranked #10 of 22 Speciality lodging in Key Largo, Florida and rated 4 of 5 at Tripadvisor.Home of Jules’ Undersea Lodge. Famous Missions at Jules' Home. Dive / Snorkel. Overnight Stays. Gift Shop. Dive Pros. History. Famous Missions. Contact Us. Ian …Mar 30, 2023 · Jules' Undersea Lodge is an underwater habitat located 22-feet deep in a Florida lagoon. Created for research purposes, the lodge is also a bed & breakfast, starting at $1,125 per night. Joe Dituri is a biomedical engineer and a retired saturation diver for the US Navy. On 1 March, he grabbed his wetsuit and scuba tanks and dove 22 feet deep ... Jules Undersea Lodge in Key Largo, FL is a unique underwater hotel located in the lagoon at Key Largo Undersea Park, offering overnight stays where scuba diving is the only way to access your room. Aug 5, 2021 · Jules’ Underwater Lodge is located in a lagoon and is the ideal location to learn to dive. Description. While overwater villas are a growing trend, Jules’ Undersea Lodge was the first underwater hotel and inspired many divers and non-divers to embrace this unique accommodation style. Snorkel or dive to the natural nursery area during a ...Jules’ Undersea Lodge. Key Largo, Florida, USA. See on map. Add to wishlist. Share property. Welcome to the world's first and only underwater hotel, nestled on the bed of …During 11 missions – some involving ocean dives as deep as 100 feet – 50 aquanauts lived in the habitat at various times. During their time at Jules’ Undersea Lodge, these aquanauts conducted marine biology, ecology and hyperbaric physiology research. A historic photo of La Chalupa on the ocean surface before ballast was added to sink the ...At 21ft below the surface, Jules Undersea Lodge in Florida brings a whole new meaning to the phrase sleeping with the fishes. It's the world's only underwater hotel, where guests can stay ...Jules Undersea Lodge, Key Largo: See 41 traveller reviews, 49 candid photos, and great deals for Jules Undersea Lodge, ranked #9 of 21 Speciality lodging in Key Largo and rated 4 of 5 at Tripadvisor.Jun 9, 2023 · Dr. Joseph Dituri lived for 100 days in Jules’ Undersea Lodge, an underwater habitat submerged in a lagoon in Key Largo, Florida. During the entire stay he conducted daily experiments in human physiology and demonstrate and used new technology. The International Board of Undersea Medicine was a major sponsor of the Project NEPTUNE 100 mission.Jules Undersea Lodge. 41 reviews. #1 of 1 lodge in Key Largo. 51 Shoreland Dr, Key Largo, FL 33037-4752. Write a review.Feb 15, 2024 · A haven for scuba divers, Jules' Undersea Lodge is the only underwater hotel in the US. Part of the Key Largo Undersea Park, the Jules' Lagoon is filled with interesting wildlife and artefacts ...In this photo provided by the Florida Keys News Bureau, diving explorer and medical researcher Dr. Joseph Dituri surfaces Friday, June 9, 2023, after living for 100 days in the Jules’ Undersea Lodge marine habitat at the bottom of a lagoon in Key Largo, Fla. Dituri broke the previous 73-day record for underwater human habitation at ambient ...Jules Undersea Lodge, Key Largo: See 41 traveler reviews, 49 candid photos, and great deals for Jules Undersea Lodge, ranked #9 of 21 specialty lodging in Key Largo and rated 4 of 5 at Tripadvisor.The previous record was 73 days, and Dituri will conclude 100 days at Jules’ Undersea Lodge in Key Largo on June 9. Known as Project Neptune 100, the mission conducted 30 feet under the water combined research and ocean conservation outreach. (It was a hit with the media.) Dituri received visits from local schoolchildren on field trips to …Underwater Advendure. Review of Jules Undersea Lodge. Reviewed January 3, 2023. What a unique adventure. We had a great time. Everyone there was super friendly and took great care of us. We dove down to the lodge around lunch time and they had lunch waiting for us when we arrived. There were diving classes happening that same day so …Discover A world-Famous Lodge & lagoon Located in the lagoon at Key Largo Undersea Park, Jules’ Undersea Lodge is the world’s only underwater hotel where scuba diving …This week, Dr. Joseph Dituri broke the previous record of 73 days for the most extended time living underwater. Dr. Joseph Dituri peers out of the large porthole in his undersea lodge Frazier ...Jun 9, 2023 · Dr. Joseph Dituri lived for 100 days in Jules’ Undersea Lodge, an underwater habitat submerged in a lagoon in Key Largo, Florida. During the entire stay he conducted daily experiments in human physiology and demonstrate and used new technology. The International Board of Undersea Medicine was a major sponsor of the Project NEPTUNE 100 mission.Jun 10, 2023 · Dituri, who goes by the nickname "Dr. Deep Sea," eclipsed the record for the longest stay in an underwater fixed habitat, beating past record holders, Bruce Cantrell and Jessica Fain, scientists who spent 73 days living in the Jules' Undersea Lodge in 2014, according to Guinness World Records. On May 19 (Day 80 of the mission), Dituri spoke ...Florida Keys. Key Largo Hotels. Jules Undersea Lodge. 41 reviews. #1 of 1 lodge in Key Largo. 51 Shoreland Dr, Key Largo, FL 33037-4752. Write a review. Check availability. …Jules’ Undersea Lodge. Key Largo, Florida, USA. See on map. Add to wishlist. Share property. Welcome to the world's first and only underwater hotel, nestled on the bed of …There are 51 Hotels close to Jules Undersea Lodge in Key Largo Hotels Near Jules Undersea Lodge Reviews: There are 28,959 reviews on Tripadvisor for Hotels nearby: Hotels Near Jules Undersea Lodge Photos: There are 29,206 photos on Tripadvisor for Hotels nearby Nearest accommodation: 0.06 mi Home of Jules’ Undersea Lodge. Contact Us. Key Largo Undersea Park is located on Key Largo in the Fabulous Florida Keys! Phone 305.451.2353 Fax 305.451.4789 Email [email protected]. 51 Shoreland Drive Key Largo, FL 33037. . Jules Undersea Lodge. 41 reviews. #1 of 1 lodge in Key Largo. 51 Shoreland Dr, Key Largo, FL 33037-4752. Write a review.The lodge is the world’s only underwater hotel, requiring guests to take their love of the undersea world to a new level as they scuba dive 21 feet below the surface of the ocean to reach the entrance to the hotel. For ocean lovers and those who just want to get as close to the life of a mermaid as possible, Jules Undersea Lodge is an ...Jules Undersea Lodge was built in Florida as a research lab in the year 1968. It was a structure that was completely submerged underwater. This research laboratory was converted into a luxury hotel to accommodate tourists to explore life below sea level. This made this structure the first of its kind. One can dive into the sea with a scuba ...Jun 9, 2023 · Dr. Joseph Dituri lived for 100 days in Jules’ Undersea Lodge, an underwater habitat submerged in a lagoon in Key Largo, Florida. During the entire stay he conducted daily experiments in human physiology and demonstrate and used new technology. The International Board of Undersea Medicine was a major sponsor of the Project NEPTUNE 100 mission.Jules Undersea Lodge, Key Largo: See 41 traveller reviews, 49 candid photos, and great deals for Jules Undersea Lodge, ranked #9 of 21 Speciality lodging in Key Largo and rated 4 of 5 at Tripadvisor.At 21ft below the surface, Jules Undersea Lodge in Florida brings a whole new meaning to the phrase sleeping with the fishes. It's the world's only underwater hotel, where guests can stay ...May 20, 2023 · This week, Dr. Joseph Dituri broke the previous record of 73 days for the most extended time living underwater. Dr. Joseph Dituri peers out of the large porthole in his undersea lodge Frazier ...Jules Undersea Lodge, Key Largo: See 40 traveller reviews, 48 candid photos, and great deals for Jules Undersea Lodge, ranked #11 of 23 Speciality lodging in Key Largo and rated 4.5 of 5 at Tripadvisor.This is just a quick clip of Jules Undersea Lodge circa 1988 (I was 10 years old). I guess it is still there, check out http://www.jul.comJules’ Undersea Lodge is an American hotel located in Key Largo, Florida and is the only underwater hotel in the United States. It is 30 feet (9 m) deep on the ocean floor and guests have to scuba dive to get to their rooms. The hotel is located at the bottom of the Emerald Lagoon […]Jules Undersea Lodge, Key Largo, FL. This is often described as the world’s only underwater hotel. This place lends itself to the phrase “sleep with the fishes.”. A positive, in this case, because you need to go underwater to a depth of 21 feet or so to get into the place. Upon arrival, guests find all the comforts of a luxury hotel: a ...Jules’ Undersea Lodge is named after Jules Verne, author of the famed maritime tale ‘20,000 Leagues Under the Sea.’ You have to be a certified scuba diver to reach the entrance, which is 6.5 meters underwater. But once inside, you have access to modern conveniences like air-conditioning, ...Aug 3, 2023 · Jules’ Underwater Lodge is the first entirely underwater hotel facility by Guinness World Records. It costs $1687.50 per couple (includes 12.5% lodging tax) for an overnight stay. In addition, it will cost you equipment transfer fees, like $150 for an iPad, and $300 for laptops. Your pizza dinner will add $175 more to your cart. Mar 17, 2022 · Jules Undersea Lodge: Experience of a lifetime! - See 40 traveler reviews, 48 candid photos, and great deals for Jules Undersea Lodge at Tripadvisor.Jules’ Underwater Lodge is the first entirely underwater hotel facility by Guinness World Records. It costs $1687.50 per couple (includes 12.5% lodging tax) for an overnight stay. In addition, it will cost you equipment transfer fees, like $150 for an iPad, and $300 for laptops. Your pizza dinner will add $175 more to your cart.Anasayfa. Sürat Kargo Diyarbakır Kayapınar Şubeleri. + - Sürat Kargo Diyarbakır Kayapınar Şubeleri. Karacadağ. Barış Mh. 500evler Cd. 4.sk 2/10.Blk Kayapınar / DİYARBAKIR / … Home of Jules’ Undersea Lodge. Contact Us. Key Largo Undersea Park is located on Key Largo in the Fabulous Florida Keys! Phone 305.451.2353 Fax 305.451.4789 Email [email protected]. 51 Shoreland Drive Key Largo, FL 33037. Mar 17, 2024 · Jules Undersea Lodge Cancellation Policy: 30 days, 100%; 29-8 days, 50%; 7 days or less, no refund Restrictions: No smoking, no children under 12,no alcohol-must scuba dive to hotel Discounts offered:May 20, 2023 · This week, Dr. Joseph Dituri broke the previous record of 73 days for the most extended time living underwater. Dr. Joseph Dituri peers out of the large porthole in his undersea lodge Frazier ...In fact, the Lodge bills itself as the world’s only underwater hotel where scuba diving is the only way to get to your room. Once a marine research center, the hotel is located in a lagoon in South Florida’s Key Largo Undersea Park, where manatees, seahorses, tropical angelfish and parrot fish pay regular visits.A university professor broke a record for the longest time living underwater without depressurization this weekend at a Florida Keys lodge for scuba divers. Joseph Dituri’s 74th day residing in Jules’ Undersea Lodge, situated at the bottom of a 30-foot-deep lagoon in Key Largo, wasn’t much different than his previous days there since he …Jules Undersea Lodge, Key Largo, Florida: See 41 traveller reviews, 49 candid photos, and great deals for Jules Undersea Lodge, ranked #10 of 22 Speciality lodging in Key Largo, Florida and rated 4 of 5 at Tripadvisor. Koblick and MRDF are the gate keepers of Jules’ Undersea Lodge, a refurbished research lab. When he had the opportunity to be Alternate Aquanaut in an underwater research mission, now famously known as Tektite, he jumped at the chance. For Koblick, it was like “being chosen as an astronaut to be sent to the moon.”. Complimentary transportation between the Lodge and the Homes (scheduled in advance, by availability 8am-9pm). For assistance, please contact Sea Ranch Living's Concierge at [email protected] or call 707 513 9904 (available 9 AM - 5 PM). View All Homes.Oct 12, 2018 · Only 70 miles south of Miami, Jules’ Undersea Lodge in the lagoon at Key Largo Undersea Park is the world’s only underwater hotel. The Lodge was formerly the La Chalupa Research Lab and served as the site of the historic 1995 sea-space link-up in which ocean pioneers Scott Carpenter and Ian Koblick spoke with astronaut Mike Gernhardt aboard ...Key Largo Undersea Park is located on Key Largo in the Fabulous Florida Keys! Phone 305.451.2353 Fax 305.451.4789 Email [email protected]. 51 Shoreland Drive Key Largo, FL 33037. Opening Hours: Tue – Sun, 8 am to 3 pm, closed Mondays. Closed for Holidays 2023: Thanksgiving, Nov. 24The Muraka is the first underwater hotel room in the Maldives. Located at Conrad Rangali Island in the South Ari Atoll - Here's everything you need to know a...Jul 12, 2020 · 拉哥岛Jules Undersea Lodge Dive and Snorkeling：Tripadvisor网上在拉哥岛39个旅游景点中排名第39 , 看看关于Jules Undersea Lodge Dive and Snorkeling18条点评、文章和7张照片。When guests visit Jules' Undersea Lodge in Key Largo, Florida, they discover that the name is no marketing gimmick. Just to enter the Lodge, one must actually scuba dive 21 feet beneath the surface of the sea. Jules' really is underwater. Diving through the tropical mangrove habitat of the Emerald Lagoon and …طلابنا وطالباتنا الأعزاء،إذا كنتم تبحثون عن إجابة السؤال:True or False: Guests take a boat to Jules’ Undersea Lodge. بيت العلم، فهذا السؤال من الأسئلة المهمة التي تتكرر في الواجبات المدرسية والاختبارات، ويرتفع ...Key Largo Undersea Park is located on Key Largo in the Fabulous Florida Keys! Phone 305.451.2353 Fax 305.451.4789 Email [email protected]. 51 Shoreland Drive Key Largo, FL 33037. Opening Hours: Tue – Sun, 8 am to 3 pm, closed Mondays. Closed for Holidays 2023: Thanksgiving, Nov. 24Underwater Advendure. Review of Jules Undersea Lodge. Reviewed January 3, 2023. What a unique adventure. We had a great time. Everyone there was super friendly and took great care of us. We dove down to the lodge around lunch time and they had lunch waiting for us when we arrived. There were diving classes happening that same day so …Aug 3, 2023 · Jules’ Underwater Lodge is the first entirely underwater hotel facility by Guinness World Records. It costs $1687.50 per couple (includes 12.5% lodging tax) for an overnight stay. In addition, it will cost you equipment transfer fees, like $150 for an iPad, and $300 for laptops. Your pizza dinner will add $175 more to your cart. Jules Undersea Lodge, Key Largo, Florida: See 41 traveller reviews, 49 candid photos, and great deals for Jules Undersea Lodge, ranked #10 of 22 Speciality lodging in Key Largo, Florida and rated 4 of 5 at Tripadvisor. Price for certified divers (includes 12.5% lodging / sales tax): $1575.00 single occupancy. $2587.50 per couple. $4275.00 for 4 persons. All dive gear along with dinner, lunch and breakfast are included with your program. Check-in for the Aquanaut Program is 10:30 am and check-out is 24 hours after you enter the lodge. Jules Undersea Lodge, Key Largo, Florida: See 41 traveller reviews, 49 candid photos, and great deals for Jules Undersea Lodge, ranked #9 of 21 Speciality lodging in Key Largo, … Jules Undersea Lodge, Key Largo, Florida: See 41 traveller reviews, 49 candid photos, and great deals for Jules Undersea Lodge, ranked #9 of 21 Speciality lodging in Key Largo, Florida and rated 4 of 5 at Tripadvisor. There are very few places in the world that bring beauty, nature and history together in an unforgettable way. And when it comes to hotels, the Jules’ Undersea Lodge provides a unique experience. Initially, the hotel located in Key Largo, Florida, was constructed as a marine life research lab. After it was closed down, the area was redesigned to provide …Undersea Lodge. An entire two-bedroom apartment was placed under the sea, attached to the seabed by leg structures in a protected lagoon. It's named after Jules Verne to honor …Jules’ Undersea Lodge. Key Largo, Florida, USA. See on map. Add to wishlist. Share property. Welcome to the world's first and only underwater hotel, nestled on the bed of …Aug 3, 2023 · Jules’ Underwater Lodge is the first entirely underwater hotel facility by Guinness World Records. It costs $1687.50 per couple (includes 12.5% lodging tax) for an overnight stay. In addition, it will cost you equipment transfer fees, like $150 for an iPad, and $300 for laptops. Your pizza dinner will add $175 more to your cart. He's broken the record for the longest time living underwater at ambient pressure at a Florida Keys lodge for scuba divers. Dr Joseph Dituri's record breaking 74th day at Jules' Undersea Lodge ...Home of Jules’ Undersea Lodge. Overnight Stays. Home. Dive / Snorkel. Overnight Stays. Gift Shop. Dive Pros. History. Famous Missions. Contact Us. Jules' Undersea Luxury …May 14, 2023 · Jules' Undersea Lodge is located at the bottom of a 30-foot lagoon in Key Largo, Florida. During his stay, Dituri has been studying how the human body reacts to living under extreme pressure for ... Jules’ Undersea Lodge is a tribute to the human quest for exploration and adventure. In the early 70’s, lan Koblick, president of Marine Resources Development Foundation, …Dec 9, 2021 · Jules’ Undersea Lodge is a hidden gem even within the diving community. For an establishment that has been around for decades, it does deserve to get more attention. While divers and marine life enthusiasts, will thoroughly enjoy the experience of being so close to the habitat, the operators of Jules Undersea Lodge offer something to newbies ... ---1